Circuit Wiring Solution: voltage

Showing posts with label voltage. Show all posts

Tuesday, January 6, 2015

Power Supply for regulated current and voltage

Click to enlarge

This is also another useful project for anyone working in electronics.

Both Current and Voltage Regulation is Extremely Important to Help Prevent Damage to Circuit, Especially Experimental Circuits.

This circuit used a Rotary Switch to select Various Current ranges as a Potentiometer is not very practical for the lower resistance/High Current Ranges.

Thursday, November 20, 2014

Voltage to frequency converter

Changing the voltage to frequency scale in the design of an electronic device is sometimes necessary. The series of articles voltage to frequency converter with the XR 4151 is one jawabanny. Voltage to Frequency converter circuit with the XR 4151 is the idea of time in college, when there are projects to create a tool to hatch chicken eggs. It will be my neighbor also write articles incubators chicken egg-based microcontroller AT89C2051 (tempoe doeloe). Maybe there are friends who still remember to this project. Back to the topic of voltage to frequency converter circuit with the XR 4151. IC XR 4151 is a major component of voltage to frequency converter (Voltage to Frequency Converter).

Fig circuit voltage to frequency converter with the XR 4151

From voltage to frequency converter circuit with XR 4151 on the input signal circuit is a DC voltage level. IC XR4151 on voltage to frequency converter circuit serves to convert the voltage level coming into form in the development of the frequency change, where the output frequency range of voltage to frequency converter with the XR 4151 is proportional to the voltage level input voltage to frequency converter circuit with this 4151 XR.

Friday, November 14, 2014

Simple 110 and 220V AC LED Voltage Indicator

This circuit, designed on request, has proven to be useful to indicate when the voltage in a power supply line is changing from 120V to 240Vac. It can be used in different circumstances and circuits, mainly when an increase in ac or dc supply voltage needs to be detected. D3 illuminates when the line voltage is approaching 120V and will remain in the on state also at 240V supply. On the other hand, D6 will illuminate only when the line voltage is about 240V and will stay on because the latching action of Q1, Q2 and related components. C1, D1 and D2 provide a low dc voltage in the 4.5V - 6V range in order to allow proper operation of latch circuit and LEDs.

Circuit diagram

Parts:

R1_____________470R 1/2W Resistor
R2_____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R3,R7__________470R 1/4W Resistors
R4_______________1K 1/4W Resistor
R5_______________2K2 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________330R 1/4W Resistor
C1_____________330nF 630V Polyester Capacitor
C2______________10µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1,D2________1N4007 1000V 1A Diode
D3,D6___________LEDs (Color and shape at will)
D4_________BZX79C10 10V 500mW Zener Diode (See Notes)
D5___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode
Q1____________BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
Q2____________BC557 45V 100mA PNP Transistor

Notes:

D4 value could require some adjustment in order to allow precise switching of the circuit at the chosen voltage. If the case, please try values in the 8.2V - 15V range.
Warning! The circuit is connected to 240Vac mains, then some parts in the circuit board are subjected to lethal potential! Avoid touching the circuit when plugged and enclose it in a plastic box.

Wednesday, November 12, 2014

LM331 Voltage to Frequency Converter Datasheet

This LM331 voltage to frequency converter commonly used in circuit for analog to digital conversion, frequency to voltage conversion, linear frequency modulation, and many more. It provides the output pulse train at a frequency properly to the applied input voltage and can operate at 4.0V power supply and be changed output frequency from 1Hz to 100Khz, according to the datasheet.

LM331

There are several typical circuit applications using this V-F converter that can be found in the LM331 datasheet such as Precision Voltage to Frequency 100Khz Full Scale, Simple Frequency to Voltage Converter 10KHz Full-Scale, and Light Intensity to Frequency Converter.

Find Fairchild LM331 Voltage to Frequency Converter Datasheet here – http://www.datasheetcatalog.org/datasheet/fairchild/LM331.pdf

Saturday, November 8, 2014

Increasing 78xx Voltage Regulator Current

Shown in the figure is an IC voltage regulator (also known as stabilizer), designed to increase its current output with the use of an outboard pass transistor. Voltage regulators are designed to produce positive inputs, such as 78xx series, and negative inputs, such as 79xx series. Using this circuit will help increase the current output from a 78xx series regulator. Alternatively, 79xx series can also be used with an NPN type of transistor.

Using a power transistor enables additional current to be loaded while sustaining a steady voltage. But keeping in mind for the limit of input voltage as it should be a few volts above the output voltage. Regulators like 7812, having a 12V output can be set to produce 20V output. Some 78xx series can surpass up to 36 volts input. Having a high power difference could lead to an overheat and would require sufficient heat sink. Without the heat sink, the transistor might collapse. Lower input could also cause failure due to the decrease in temperature. Power dissipation can be computed as the product of the voltage and the current P = V * I.
Source:www.zen22142.zen.co.uk

Wednesday, October 29, 2014

Low voltage DC motor speed control circuit using TDA7274

Description.
Here is the circuit diagram of a low voltage /low power DC motor speed controller based on the IC TDA 7274 from ST Microelectronics. The IC TDA 7274 is a monolithic integrated DC motor speed controller intended for low voltage/ low power applications. Built in internal voltage reference voltage, wide input voltage range (1.8 t0 6V), high linearity, 700mA output current, excellent temperature stability etc make this IC well suitable for almost all low power DC motor speed control applications.
The motor to be controlled is connected between pin3 (Vs) and pin4 (output) of the IC. Resistor network comprising of R1, R2, and R3 is the section that deals with the speed control. Control pin (pin8) of the IC is connected to the junction of R2 and R3 and the speed of the motor varies linearly according to the position of POT R3. Capacitor C1 rectifies the fluctuations in motor speed and capacitor C2 cancels the motor spikes.

Notes.
The circuit can be assembled on a Perf board.
Power supply Vs can be anything between 1.8V to 6V and it must be selected according to the rating s of the motor.
Maximum output current capacity of this circuit is 700mA.
TDA7274 must be mounted on a holder.
POT R3 can be used to vary the motor speed

Wednesday, October 1, 2014

High Low Voltage Protector Circuit for Refrigerator with Timer

Back up power supply can be provided to the timer circuit to maintain time cycles during power failure as shown in Fig. 2. , By using different outputs (Q0 t to Q9, not shown) of IC 4017 or IC 0 4060, the timer can be utilised for purposes such as delayed and precise switching.

Friday, September 26, 2014

DC Voltage Doubler Circuit Explained

The inverters, N3. . . N6, are connected in parallel and operate as a buffer stage to reduce the load- dependence of the circuit.
Depending on the clock signal of the oscillator, point A in figure 1a is connected to the earth rail for a particular time per period and to the supply voltage for a particular time.
This causes the voltage across capacitor C2 to rise to almost twice the supply voltage. If D1 is connected to earth and the -polarities of diodes D1, D2 and capacitors C1, C2 (figure 1b) are reversed, the output at A will be a negative voltage and, in the no load condition, it will be at the same level as the supply voltage.
In both cases, unfortunately, the output voltage is dependent upon the load. As the load increases, the output voltage drops; in contrast, the superimposed a.c. level rises. The table shows the values measured in the circuit for load currents of 5 mA and 15mA.
This simple circuit can produce a d.c. voltage which is approximately twice the supply voltage, in the no- load condition.
Whilst point A is connected to earth, capacitors C1 and C2 charge up to the supply voltage via diodes D1 and D2. The oscillator then switches point A to the supply voltage potential during the remaining period, capacitor C1 transfers a part of its charge to capacitor C2.
The 4049 IC contains a total of six inverters. Two of them, N1 and N2, form an oscillator together with R1 and C3, of which the frequency is about 10 kHz.

Saturday, September 6, 2014

110 and 220V AC LED Voltage Indicator

110 and 220V AC LED Voltage Indicator Circuit Diagram. Useful for power lines control, Simple, transformer less schemary. This schema, designed on request, has proven to be useful to indicate when the voltage in a power supply line is changing from 120V to 240Vac. It can be used in different circumstances and diagram, mainly when an increase in ac or dc supply voltage needs to be detected. D3 illuminates when the line voltage is approaching 120V and will remain in the on state also at 240V supply. On the other hand, D6 will illuminate only when the line voltage is about 240V and will stay on because the latching action of Q1, Q2 and related components. C1, D1 and D2 provide a low dc voltage in the 4.5V - 6V range in order to allow proper operation of latch schema and LEDs.

Circuit diagram:
110-220vac-voltage-

110 and 220V AC LED Voltage Indicator Circuit Diagram

Parts:
R1__________470R 1/2W Resistor
R2__________220K 1/4W Resistor
R3,R7_______470R 1/4W Resistors
R4__________1K 1/4W Resistor
R5__________2K2 1/4W Resistor
R6_________330R 1/4W Resistor
C1_________330nF 630V Polyester Capacitor
C2_________10µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1,D2______N4007 1000V 1A Diode
D3,D6______LEDs (Color and shape at will)
D4_________BZX79C10 10V 500mW Zener Diode (See Notes)
D5_________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode
Q1_________BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
Q2_________BC557 45V 100mA PNP Transistor

Notes:

D4 value could require some adjustment in order to allow precise switching of the schema at the chosen voltage. If the case, please try values in the 8.2V - 15V range.
Warning! The schema is connected to 240Vac mains, then some parts in the schema board are subjected to lethal potential! Avoid touching the schema when plugged and enclose it in a plastic box.

Thursday, September 4, 2014

Low voltage audio amplifier circuit from 0 9 volts

Here i share power amplifier based on IC TDA7236 . This amplifier require minimum voltage 0,9 volt and maximum voltage is 1, 6 volt , its very low voltage amplifier. You can use this amplifier everywhere just with one battery 1,5 volt. Power output 16 mW with 32 ohms impedance. see circut below :

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

Part 2 High Voltage Supply Wiring diagram Schematic

This High-Voltage Supply Circuit Diagram uses a transistor oscillator and a voltage multiplier to charge CIO and CI 1 to a high voltage. When the spark gap breaks down, T2 produces a high-voltage pulse via the capacitance discharge of CIO and Cll into its primary. T2 is an auto ignition coil.

Read : High-Voltage Pulse Supply Circuit Diagram

High-Voltage Supply Circuit Diagram

Monday, September 1, 2014

Simple Over Under Voltage Protection Of Electrical Appliances

This is a simple Over - Under-Voltage Protection Of Electrical Appliances. This schema protects refrigerators as well as other appliances from over and under-voltage. Operational amplifier IC LM324 (IC2) is used here as a comparator. IC LM324 consists of four operational amplifiers, of which only two operational amplifiers (N1 and N2) are used in the schema.

Over - Under-Voltage Protection Of Electrical Appliances Circuit Diagram

The unregulated power supply is connected to the series combination of resistors R1 and R2 and potmeter VR1. The same supply is also connected to a 6.8V zener diode (ZD1) through resistor R3.Preset VR1 is adjusted such that for the normal supply of 180V to 240V, the voltage at the non-inverting terminal (pin 3) of operational amplifier N1 is less than 6.8V. Hence the output of the operational amplifier is zero and transistor T1 remains off. The relay, which is connected to the collector of transistor T1, also remains de energised. As the AC supply to the electrical appliances is given through the normally closed (N/C) terminal of the relay, the supply is not disconnected during normal operation.

When the AC voltage increases beyond 240V, the voltage at the non-inverting terminal (pin 3) of operational amplifier N1 increases. The voltage at the inverting terminal is still 6.8V because of the zener diode. Thus now if the voltage at pin 3 of the operational amplifier is higher than 6.8V, the output of the operational amplifier goes high to drive transistor T1 and hence energise relay RL. Consequently, the AC supply is disconnected and electrical appliances turn off. Thus the appliances are protected against over-voltage. Thus the appliances are protected against over-voltage.

Now let’s consider the under-voltage condition. When the line voltage is below 180V, the voltage at the inverting terminal (pin 6) of operational amplifier N2 is less than the voltage at the non-inverting terminal (6V). Thus the output of operational amplifier N2 goes high and it energises the relay through transistor T1. The AC supply is disconnected and electrical appliances turn off. Thus the appliances are protected against under-voltage. IC1 is wired for a regulated 12V supply.

Thus the relay energises in two conditions: first, if the voltage at pin 3 of IC2 is above 6.8V, and second, if the voltage at pin 6 of IC2 is below 6V. Over-voltage and under-voltage levels can be adjusted using presets VR1 and VR2, respectively.

Sourced by : EFY Author : C.H. VITHALANI

Saturday, August 30, 2014

10 KV High Voltage Power Supply Wiring diagram Schematic

This is very sensitive this is a 10 KV High Voltage Power Supply Circuit Diagram. Be very careful with this power supply because uses 220V mains and has 10KV at output.

10 KV High Voltage Power Supply Circuit Diagram

Monday, August 18, 2014

Low voltage mono stereo power amplifier

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The TDA7050T is a low voltage audio amplifier for small radios with headphones (such as watch, pen and pocket radios) in mono (bridge-tied load) or stereo applications.

Features

Limited to battery supply application only (typ. 3 and 4 V)
Operates with supply voltage down to 1,6 V
No external components required
Very low quiescent current
Fixed integrated gain of 26 dB, floating differential input
Flexibility in use − mono BTL as well as stereo
Small dimension of encapsulation (see package design example).

Circuit Diagram

Circuit diagram Low voltage mono/stereo power amplifier

Sunday, August 17, 2014

Simple Current to voltage converter circuit Wiring diagram

A filter removes the dc component of the rectified ac, which is then scaled to RMS

Simple Current-to-voltage converter Circuit Diagram