Circuit Wiring Solution

Using a CMOS IC TT8486A TT6061A you can build a very simple dimmer circuit which can be used to control intensity of an incandescent lamb by simply touch a contact . This electronic touch dimmer circuit can increase the light intensity of incandescent lamps in three steps.
Initially, when mains switch is ‘on,’ the bulb is ‘off’. Now, if you touch the touch plate, the bulb glows dimly. On second touch, the bulb gives medium light. At the third touch, the bulb is driven fully and another touch puts off the light.
This sensitive touch light dimmer circuit uses minimum external components and can be used for 110V or 220V AC by simply changing some external components . For touch plate, you can use a simple copper plate of 1cm×1cm (a small piece of PCB) or even the end of the lead wire. Touch plate is coupled to the touch detector through 1000pF, 2kV capacitors C4, C5 connected in series. Internally IC TT6061A’s touch signal is connected to the counter/ decoder via a resistor and clock input CK is connected to the counter/decoder via a frequency generator.

Line frequency signal is taken through R4 at pin 2 of IC TT6061A. At zero crossing, the triac (BT136) triggers to drive a 200W bulb.

This light dimmer circuit require a 6.8 volts power supply, which is taken directly from mains through resistors R2, diode D1, capacitor C2, and zener diode and fed to power-input pin 3 of the IC. Capacitors C4, C5 connected between touch input pin 4 and touch plate remove the shock potential from the touch plate, so do not replace these capacitors with a single capacitor or with a capacitor of a lower voltage rating.

Te circuit diagram shown here is just for 110 volts ac , if you want to use this touch sensitivity light dimmer for 220 volts AC , you need to chance some components value .
For 220 volts usage you’ll need to change R1 510K TO 620K ( FOR 60HZ CHANGE TO 50HZ ) , R2 20K/1W TO 40K/2W ( FOR 110V CHANGE TO 220V ) and R6 1M TO 1.5M ( FOR 110V CHANGE TO 220V ) and also you can add an additional capacitor in series with the C4 and C5 ( capacitor used must be the same type an value ) .
S: electroniq.net/other-projects/tt8486a-tt6061a-sensitive-touch-light-dimmer.html

Here’s a simple lie detector that can be built in a few minutes, but can be incredibly useful when you want to know if someone is really telling you the truth. It is not as sophisticated as the ones the professionals use, but it works. It works by measuring skin resistance, which goes down when you lie.

Here are the details of the specific parts you will need

Part Total Qty. Description Substitutions

R1 1 33K 1/4W Resistor
R2 1 5K Pot
R3 1 1.5K 1/4W Resistor
C1 1 1uF 16V Electrolytic Capacitor
Q1 1 2N3565 NPN Transistor
M1 1 0-1 mA Analog Meter
MISC 1 Case, Wire, Electrodes (See Nots)

Notes
1. The electrodes can be alligator clips (although they can be painful), electrode pads (like the type they use in the hospital), or just wires and tape.

2. To use the circuit, attach the electrodes to the back of the subjects hand, about 1 inch apart. Then, adjust the meter for a reading of 0. Ask the questions. You know the subject is lying when the meter changes.

A low-cost circuit of an FM booster that can be used to listen programs from distant FM stations clearly. The circuit comprises a common-emitter tuned RF preamplifier wired around VHF/UHF transistor 2SC2570 ( C2570).
This FM booster circuit is constructed using few common components ( not require some special components ) and provide a very good gain .
To calibrate this circuit you need to adjust input/output trimmers (VC1/VC2) for maximum gain.
Input coil L1 consists of four turns of 20SWG enamelled copper wire (slightly space wound) over 5mm diameter former.

It is tapped at the first turn from ground lead side. Coil L2 is similar to L1, but has only three turns.
Both of the trimmers are 22pF value .This FM radio signal booster needs to be powered by a 12 volts DC power supply

.

more at: electroniq.net/radio-frequency/fm-booster-schematic-circuit.html

The circuit diagram shows two LT1398’s from Linear Technology used to create buffered color-difference signals from RGB (red-green-blue) inputs. In this application, the R input arrives via 75Ω coax. It is routed to the non-inverting input of amplifier IC1a and to 1.07-kΩ resistor, R8. There is also an 80.6-Ω termination resistor R11, which yields a 75-Ω input impedance at the R input when considered in parallel with R8. R8 connects to the inverting input of a second LT1398 amplifier (IC1b), which also sums the weighted G and B inputs to create a –0.5Y output.

Yet another LT1398 amplifier, IC2a, then takes the –0.5Y output and amplifies it by a gain of –2, resulting in the +Y output. Amplifier IC1a is configured for a non-inverting gain of 2 with the bottom of the gain resistor R2 tied to the Y output. The output IC1a thus results in the color-difference output R–Y. The B input is similar to the R input. Here, R13 when considered in parallel with R10 yields a 75-Ω input impedance. R10 also connects to the inverting input of amplifier IC1b, adding the B contribution to the Y signal as discussed above.

Amplifier IC2b is configured to supply a non-inverting gain of 2 with the bottom of the gain resistor R4 tied to the Y output. The output of IC2b thus results in the color-difference output B–Y. The G input also arrives via 75-Ω coax and adds its contribution to the Y signal via resistor R9, which is tied to the inverting input of amplifier IC1b. Here, R12 and R9 provide the 75Ω termination impedance. Using superposition, it is straightforward to determine the output of IC1b. Although inverted, it sums the R, G and B signals to the standard proportions of 0.3R, 0.59G and 0.11B that are used to create the Y signal. Amplifier IC2a then inverts and amplifies the signal by 2, resulting in the Y output. The converter draws a current of about 30mA from a symmetrical 5-volt supply.

A very simple high efficiency 80W audio power amplifier project can be designed using the LM3875 power audio IC . LM3875 is a high-performance audio power amplifier capable of delivering 56W of continuous average power to an 8Ω load with 0.1% THD+N from 20Hz to 20kHz .
By connecting two LM39875 audio IC in bridge mode this audio power amplifier will deliver 80 watt of output power into an 8 Ohm load. The LM3875 IC devices should be suitably heatsinked.
As you can see in the circuit diagram , this power audio amplifier require few external electronic parts .

The LM3875 maintains an excellent signal-to-noise ratio of greater than 95dB(min) with a typical low noise floor of 2.0μV.
This 80W audio power amplifier module accepts a wide range input voltage from 20 up to 84 volts, but typically is recommended ( for this circuit ) a dual +/-25 volts DC power supply .
Some features of this 80W audio power amplifier project based on the LM1875 IC are :
output protection from a short to ground or to the supplies via internal current limiting circuitry ,output over-voltage protection against transients from inductive loads ,supply under-voltage protection .

Overview

This digital thermometer project uses any standard FM broadcast band radio at regular intervals in order to report the temperature.

Explanation

An Atmel AT90S1200 is used to construct the prototype along with a modified low cost wireless microphone kit that function as the transmitter in order to save design time. The device can be used as standalone or as part of a PC-based weather station or HVAC system since it uses a simple low bit rate tone signaling scheme which can be interpreted easily by both machines and humans. The design allows the use of any inexpensive FM radio to monitor the temperature with easy set up of any number of monitoring locations.

There are various circuits used in this project including, the thermometer interface, audio interface, and power interface. The operation consists of applying power and tuning the unit to any unused FM channel. A 9V transistor radio battery was chosen since the 5V regulator used can accept any DC voltage between 5.5V-12V. A programs tests if larger or lesser and converts the binary format temperature output from the thermometer clip to a format that can be transmitted a digit at a time.

Detects clipping in preamp stages, mixers, amplifiers etc., Single LED display – 9V Battery supply unit

This circuit was intended to be used as a separate, portable unit, to signal by means of a LED when the output wave form of a particular audio stage is “clipping” i.e. is reaching the onset of its maximum permitted peak-to-peak voltage value before an overload is occurring. This will help the operator in preventing severe, audible distortion to be generated through the audio equipment chain. This unit is particularly useful in signaling overload of the input stages in mixers, PA or musical instruments amplification chains, but is also suited to poweramplifiers. A careful setting of Trimmer R5 will allow triggering of the LED with a wide range of peak-to-peak input voltages, in order to suit different requirements. Unfortunately, an oscilloscope and a sine wave frequency generator are required to accurately setup this circuit. Obviously, the unit can be embedded into an existing mixer, preamp or power amplifier, and powered by the internal supply rails in the 9 – 30V range. The power supply can also be obtained from higher voltage rails provided suitable R/C cells are inserted. SW1 and B1 must obviously be omitted.

Circuit diagram:

Parts:

R1_______________1M 1/4W Resistor (See Notes)
R2,R3,R8_______100K 1/4W Resistors
R4,R6___________10K 1/4W Resistors
R5_______________5K 1/2W Trimmer Cermet or Carbon
R7_______________2K2 1/4W Resistor
R9______________22K 1/4W Resistor
R10______________1K 1/4W Resistor (See Notes)
C1,C4__________220nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C2_______________4p7 63V Ceramic Capacitor (See Notes)
C3_____________220µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C5______________10µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor (See Notes)
D1,D2________1N4148 75V 150mA Diodes
D3______________LED (Any dimension, shape and color)
Q1____________BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
IC1___________TL062 Dual Low current BIFET Op-Amp (or TL072, TL082)
SW1____________SPST Toggle or Slide Switch (See Text)
B1_______________9V PP3 Battery (See Text)

Circuit operation:

The heart of the circuit is a window comparator formed by two op-amps packaged into IC1. This technique allows to detect precisely and symmetrically either the positive or negative peak value reached by the monitored signal. The op-amps outputs are mixed by D1 and D2, smoothed by C4, R7 and R8, and feed the LED driver Q1 with a positive pulse. C5 adds a small output delay in order to allow detection of very short peaks.

Notes:

• With the values shown, the circuit can be easily set up to detect sine wave clipping from less than 1V to 30V peak-to-peak (i.e. 15W into 8 Ohms). If you need to detect higher output peak-to-peakvoltages, R1 value must be raised. On the contrary, if the circuit will be used to detect only very low peak-to-peak voltages, it is convenient to lower R1 value to, say, 220K omitting C2. In this way, the adjustment of R5 will be made easier.
• Using a TL062 chip at 9V supply, stand-by current drawing is about 1.5mA and less than 10mA when the LED illuminates. With TL072 or TL082 chips, current drawing is about 4.5mA and 13mA respectively.
• When using power supplies higher than 12V, the value of R10 must be raised accordingly.
• When using power supplies higher than 25V, the working voltage value of C5 must be raised to 35 or 50V.

src: http://electronicsprojects.mediadir.in/audio-clipping-indicator/